CATARACT

If you have a cataract, the normally transparent lens of the eye is cloudy as a result of changes in protein fibers in the lens. The clouding affects the transmission and focusing of light entering the eye, reducing clarity of vision.

If cataracts are present from birth, total loss of vision may result. However, cataracts do not usually affect children or young adults. Most people over age 75 have some cataract formation, but visual loss is often minimal as only the outer edges of the lens are affected.

Cataracts usually develop in both eyes, but generally one eye is more severely affected. A cataract in the central part of the lens or one that affects the whole lens can cause total loss of clarity and detail in vision. However, the affected eye will still be able to detect light and shade.

What are the causes?

All cataracts occur as a result of structural changes to protein fibers within the lens. These changes cause part or the entire lens

• Flashing lights in the cornea of the eye.
• Large numbers of dark spots in the field of vision.

If a large area of the retina has become detached, you may experience a cloudy ring or a black area across your field of vision. If you experience any of these symptoms, you should go to the emergency room of your local hospital or call your doctor immediately.

What might be done?

Retinal detachment is diagnosed by ophthalmoscopy, which is a technique used to examine the eye's internal structures. If only a small area of retina has detached, the tear may be sealed by laser treatment under local anesthesia. However, if a large area has detached, an operation under general anesthesia is necessary. If treated early, normal vision may be restored, but delayed treatment is less effective.


Conjunctivitis,Cornealulcer,Trachoma,Cataract,retinopathy